International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE) Physics Practice Exam

The equation that links energy transferred, time, current, and voltage is found in the relationship that defines electrical power. Power in an electrical circuit is given by the product of current and voltage. This can be expressed mathematically as:

Power (P) = Current (I) × Voltage (V).

Energy transferred (E) can be derived from power by considering the time (t) for which the power is applied. So, the total energy transferred over a period of time is the power multiplied by that time:

Energy transferred (E) = Power (P) × Time (t).

Substituting the equation for power into this, you can express energy transferred in terms of current, voltage, and time:

Energy transferred (E) = (Current (I) × Voltage (V)) × Time (t),

which simplifies to:

Energy transferred = Current × Voltage × Time.

This directly leads to the conclusion that option B accurately represents the relationship among energy transferred, current, voltage, and time.