In electronics, what do resistors do?

Resistors play a fundamental role in electronic circuits by limiting the flow of electric current. When a voltage is applied across a resistor, it impedes the movement of electrons, thereby regulating the amount of current that can pass through. This property is crucial for protecting sensitive components from excessive current that could cause damage or malfunction. Resistors operate based on Ohm's Law, where the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) is expressed as V = I × R. This formula highlights how increasing resistance results in lower current flow for a given voltage.

In contrast, some of the other options explore concepts that do not accurately define a resistor's function. Resistors do not increase current flow; their primary purpose is to reduce it. They also do not calculate voltage, as measuring voltage requires different instruments like voltmeters. Additionally, resistors do not store electrical charge; that characteristic is associated with capacitors, which temporarily hold electrical energy. Understanding the role of resistors is essential for effective circuit design and operation in various applications.