What kind of radiation is often used in medical applications?

Gamma radiation is frequently used in medical applications primarily due to its penetrative ability, which allows it to pass through tissues to reach targets within the body. It is employed in various medical imaging techniques, such as PET scans (Positron Emission Tomography) and in cancer treatment, where targeted gamma radiation can destroy malignant cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Gamma rays are emitted by radioactive isotopes, making them particularly useful in both diagnostics and therapeutic settings.

In contrast, alpha radiation tends to not penetrate skin and is harmful only if ingested or inhaled, limiting its medical applications. Beta radiation, while more penetrating than alpha, can still cause significant damage to healthy tissues and is more suitable for specific treatments rather than widespread use in imaging. X-rays, while also used in medical imaging, are a different kind of electromagnetic radiation. While both gamma rays and X-rays are highly penetrating and used in medicine, gamma radiation's properties often make it preferable for certain applications such as radiotherapy.