What phenomenon results from an accumulation of electric charge?

An accumulation of electric charge leads to the phenomenon known as static discharge. This occurs when there is a buildup of static electricity, which can happen when two materials come into contact and then separate, transferring electrons between them. When the difference in charge between the accumulated electric charge and the neutral surroundings becomes significant, the stored energy can rapidly discharge. This discharge can be observed in various ways, such as a spark when you touch a doorknob after walking on a carpet, or a crackling sound when clothes are taken out of a dryer.

The concept of electrical potential is related but describes the potential energy per unit charge at a point in an electric field, rather than the phenomenon of charge accumulation itself. Magnetism involves magnetic fields and doesn't directly result from electric charge accumulation without motion. Radiation refers to waves of energy emitted in various forms, such as electromagnetic waves, which isn't directly related to the static charge itself. Thus, static discharge encapsulates the outcome of having an accumulated charge very effectively.